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What Is Music Therapy?

Music therapy is a clinically informed, evidence-based practice in which a qualified, registered music therapist uses music and its elements within a therapeutic relationship to support a person’s emotional, cognitive, physical, social and communication needs.

Music therapy is about much more than listening to music. Through shared musical experiences, a music therapist works collaboratively with individuals or groups towards therapeutic goals. Depending on the person’s needs, sessions may involve improvising, singing, playing instruments, songwriting, listening to music, exploring lyrics, movement or talking about experiences that emerge through the music.

Music therapy can be used with people of different ages and abilities in a range of settings, including healthcare, rehabilitation, education, community settings and private practice. The approach is tailored to each person’s needs, strengths and goals.

(Source: SANATA)

Common Myths About Music Therapy

Myth 1: You need to be musical or know how to play an instrument.

Not at all. No previous musical training or experience is required. Music therapy is not about performing perfectly or learning to play an instrument. The therapist adapts musical experiences to the individual, whether that involves listening, singing, drumming, improvising or simply exploring sounds.

Myth 2: Music therapy is just listening to relaxing music.

Listening to music can be part of music therapy, but the work can involve much more. Depending on the therapeutic goals, sessions may include active music-making, improvisation, songwriting, lyric exploration, movement and verbal reflection. The music is used intentionally within a therapeutic relationship.

Myth 3: Music therapy is the same as music lessons.

Music lessons generally focus on learning musical skills, technique or repertoire. Music therapy uses music to work towards therapeutic goals, which may include emotional expression, communication, connection, coping, rehabilitation or wellbeing. Musical skill is not the primary goal.

Myth 4: Music therapy is only for children or people who are already struggling.

Music therapy can support people across the lifespan, including children, adolescents, adults and older adults. It may be used in a variety of settings and for different needs, depending on the person’s circumstances and the therapist’s area of practice.

Myth 5: Music therapy is simply about making people feel happy.

Music can evoke many different feelings and experiences. Music therapy isn’t about forcing someone to feel positive or happy. It offers a supportive space in which people can explore and express emotions, develop connections and work towards meaningful therapeutic goals.

Who Can Benefit From Music Therapy?

Music therapy can be adapted to support people with a range of needs, including emotional expression, communication, social connection, stress management, mental health, rehabilitation and age-related changes. The approach depends on the individual, their goals and the clinical or community setting.

In South Africa, registered music therapists complete specialised postgraduate clinical training and register with the Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA). Registration and professional training help distinguish music therapy from general music activities or informal music-based wellbeing sessions.